带状束高功率微波源宽通带收集极

设计了一种适用于带状电子束高功率微波源的宽通带收集极,在有效吸收束-波相互作用后的带状电子束的同时,保证了带状电子束高功率微波源的工作模式——矩形波导TM11模式高效率地通过。研究结果表明:在13~27GHz范围内,功率传输效率大于95%,这一宽通带特性使得该类型的收集极与带状电子束高功率微波源能够更好配合,显著提高了微波源的模拟优化和实验调试效率;TM11模式微波的传输效率对收集极厚度和长度等参数不敏感;该类型收集极结构具有良好的散热能力,在不加外部水冷装置的条件下,仅靠空气自然对流冷却和辐射冷却,可以承受电流3kA、电压300kV、脉冲宽度30ns及重复频率50Hz带状电子束的连续冲击。     

Two-party competition with many constituences

The paper considers a single member district, simple plurality political system with n districts. There are two political parties, each consisting of n candidates. Individual candidates seek to win their district per se, but voters appreciate that final policy outcomes will depend upon: (1) which party wins control of the legislature, and (2) how party policy is derived from the party members' policies. Candidates take account of such voter deliberations in choosing their election strategies. A set of minimal sufficient conditions for an equilibrium to exist in this game is provided and the equilibrium characterized. While party policies are shown to converge in equilibrium, candidate policies in general do not - either across or within parties.     

4-氯-4''''-取代-苯丁酮的低能电子轰击质谱和取代基效应的研究

用离子动能谱探讨了9个苯环上不同取代基的4-氯-4′-取代-苯丁酮EI断裂的主要途径是:分子离子先进行Mclafferty重排,而后α-断裂。将电子能量降低至20e v,对Mclafferty重排的产物离子的α-断裂反应用Hammett方程处理,得回归线性方程lgZ/Z_0=-0.37σp-0.008,线性相关系数为0.9949。由此可明显地看出质谱中单分子断裂反应的取代基效应。     

Leadership Hijacking in Docker Swarm and Its Consequences

With the advent of microservice-based software architectures, an increasing number of modern cloud environments and enterprises use operating system level virtualization, which is often referred to as container infrastructures. Docker Swarm is one of the most popular container orchestration infrastructures, providing high availability and fault tolerance. Occasionally, discovered container escape vulnerabilities allow adversaries to execute code on the host operating system and operate within the cloud infrastructure. We show that Docker Swarm is currently not secured against misbehaving manager nodes. This allows a high impact, high probability privilege escalation attack, which we refer to as leadership hijacking, the possibility of which is neglected by the current cloud security literature. Cloud lateral movement and defense evasion payloads allow an adversary to leverage the Docker Swarm functionality to control each and every host in the underlying cluster. We demonstrate an end-to-end attack, in which an adversary with access to an application running on the cluster achieves full control of the cluster. To reduce the probability of a successful high impact attack, container orchestration infrastructures must reduce the trust level of participating nodes and, in particular, incorporate adversary immune leader election algorithms.     

钪和钇二价离子跃迁几率和振子强度的理论计算

利用最弱受约束电子势模型理论计算了二价钪离了和二价钇离子的能级间跃迁几率和振子强度的数值．二价钪离子的计算结果与美国国家标准技术研究院（NIST）所给出的可接受值吻合良好二价钇离子的计算结果也与现有的其他理论方法的计算结果十分接近．     

Survivors in leader election algorithms

We consider the number of survivors in a broad class of fair leader election algorithms after a number of election rounds. We give sufficient conditions for the number of survivors to converge to a product of independent identically distributed random variables. The number of terms in the product is determined by the round number considered. Each individual term in the product is a limit of a scaled random variable associated with the splitting protocol. The proof is established via convergence (to 0) of the first-order Wasserstein distance from the product limit. In a broader context, the paper is a case study of a class of stochastic recursive equations. We give two illustrative examples, one with binomial splitting protocol (for which we show that a normalized version is asymptotically Gaussian) and one with uniform splitting protocol.     

Studies on the Mechanism for the Bimolecular Metathesis Reaction CH3 + HCI ⇔︁ CH4 + CI

The geometry optimization of the transition state, the precursor complex and the successor complex was performed at the 6–311G* basis set level. From the analysis of the vibrational frequency of the precursor complex, transition state, successor complex and the isolated state, the reaction mechanism was derived which was complicated with the bond‐rupture electron transfer theory. The atom H in molecule HCI attacks the atom C, forming a transition state via the precursor complex and the electron‐transfer happens in precursor complex. And the active energy, electronic coupling matrix element, the reorganization energy, and the reaction rate are obtained.     

基于干部公选量化考评数学模型的研究

党政干部公选过程中许多考察指标的边界并不十分明显,评价时无从归类难以形成量化分析结果.运用模糊数学理论建立多目标评价模型,通过构建层次分析法,在对单指标进行评价的基础上,再对所有指标进行综合模糊评价,防止了统计信息的遗漏和中途损失,克服了"满意"、"基本满意"等确定性评价导致的对客观真实的偏离.     

用扫描电镜研究工程塑料的断裂行为

本文研究了工程塑料——聚碳酸酯及聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的微观断裂行为。研究中采用了静载和动载破断实验,用扫描电镜观察断裂形态特征,并结合宏观力学试验过程分析其断裂行为。实验结果表明,热塑性工程塑料,在加载速率及环境温度固定条件下,其微观断裂行为受材料损伤体积空间分布的影响,材料损伤体积宏观空间分布范围宽,则大分子相互协同动作强,应变均匀,微观塑性形变差别小,断口表面趋于平坦;反之,大分子相互协同动作差,应变易于集中,微观塑性形变差异大,断口表面高低起伏大。